2022 population: 1,596,365 ( 52,425 from 2010 , 945 from 2020)
Land area: 12368.8 square miles
Population density: 129.1 persons per square mile

2022 Census data
White:	1,061,080	66.47%	0.0%
Black:	411,484	25.78%	6.6%
Indian:	4,868	0.30%	11.0%
Asian:	22,458	1.41%	42.6%
2+ races:	22,969	1.44%	48.3%
Hispanic:	73,506	4.60%	23.1%

Total non-White:	535,285	33.53%	10.9%

2020-2022 Components	Number	Rate
Births:	40,266	12.6
Deaths:	49,262	15.4
Net Migration:	7,851	2.5
Net Immigration:	1,801	0.6

Change in White population:	-84	-0.0
Change in Non-White pop.:	52,509	3.4

Race Breakdown with Components of Population Change

[Display all years]

Year:

Total population:

White:

Black:

Indian:

Asian:

2+ races:

Hispanic:

Total non-White:

2010
1,543,940
1,061,164	68.73%
386,184	25.01%
4,387	0.28%
15,748	1.02%
15,491	1.00%
59,735	3.87%
482,776	31.27%

2000
1,465,656
1,058,113	72.19%
359,288	24.51%
3,763	0.26%
8,952	0.61%
10,361	0.71%
24,544	1.67%
407,543	27.81%

1990
1,337,758
1,007,260	75.29%
316,852	23.69%
3,021	0.23%
5,436	0.41%
n/a
5,189	0.39%
330,498	24.71%

1980
1,310,074
985,152	75.20%
310,343	23.69%
1,865	0.14%
2,801	0.21%
n/a
9,498	0.72%
324,922	24.80%

1970
1,167,080
869,264	74.48%
292,896	25.10%
599	0.05%
707	0.06%
n/a
3,317	0.28%
297,816	25.52%

Decade:

Components:

Births:

Deaths:

Net Migration:

Net Immigration:

Change in White population:

Change in Non-White pop.:

Number	Rate
2000's
186,067	12.7
146,953	10.0
22,951	1.6
17,999	1.2

3,051	0.2
75,233	5.1

Number	Rate
1990's
196,672	14.7
147,381	11.0
48,404	3.6
5,333	0.4

50,853	3.8
77,045	5.8

Number	Rate
1980's
195,062	14.9
131,074	10.0
-26,360	-2.0
n/a

22,108	1.7
5,576	0.4

Number	Rate
1970's
n/a
n/a
48,475	4.2
n/a

115,888	9.9
27,106	2.3

Age, Family & Household Data for Birmingham, AL Market Area

[Display all years]

Year:

Median Age:

Under 18:

Voting Age Population:

Over 65:

Households:

Persons Per HH:

Families (%HH):

Married Couples (%Fams):

Single Mothers (%Fams):

Non-Family (%HH):

2022
Number	Percent
39.1
428,489	26.8%
1,167,876	73.2%
332,767	20.8%

745,238
2.54

486,455	65.3%
353,040	72.6%
48,511	10.0%
258,783	34.7%

2010
Number	Percent
38.4
364,592	23.6%
1,179,348	76.4%
213,004	13.8%

608,755
2.48

415,493	68.3%
297,476	71.6%
46,068	11.1%
193,262	31.7%

2000
Number	Percent
36.5
363,670	24.8%
1,101,986	75.2%
196,587	13.4%

576,057
2.49

407,018	70.7%
309,117	75.9%
42,631	10.5%
169,039	29.3%

1990
Number	Percent
34.0
342,422	25.6%
995,336	74.4%
182,995	13.7%

505,534
2.60

373,774	73.9%
296,552	79.3%
32,365	8.7%
131,760	26.1%

1980
Number	Percent
30.6
378,441	28.9%
931,633	71.1%
157,906	12.1%

463,490
2.79

359,143	77.5%
296,811	82.6%
28,126	7.8%
104,347	22.5%

2022 Housing Data for Birmingham, AL Market Area

Household Income
Range	Number	%
Less than $10,000	46,887	6.3%
$10,000 to $14,999	38,871	5.2%
$15,000 to $19,999	32,927	4.4%
$20,000 to $24,999	34,690	4.7%
$25,000 to $29,999	33,214	4.5%
$30,000 to $34,999	33,086	4.4%
$35,000 to $39,999	31,567	4.2%
$40,000 to $44,999	29,066	3.9%
$45,000 to $49,999	27,982	3.8%
$50,000 to $59,999	54,206	7.3%
$60,000 to $74,999	72,320	9.7%
$75,000 to $99,999	93,851	12.6%
$100,000 to $124,999	66,036	8.9%
$125,000 to $149,999	47,242	6.3%
$150,000 to $199,999	50,883	6.8%
$200,000 or more	52,410	7.0%

Median Household Income	62,926
Per Capita Income	34,426

Cost of Living Index (100 = average)
Compared to U.S.	86

Welfare Households
	Number	%
SSI	48,720	6.5%
Public Assistance	13,722	1.8%
Public Asst. or Food Stamps	97,336	13.1%

Labor Force, Ages 25-64
	Number	%
Employed	794,613	66.9%
Unemployed	45,438	3.8%
In Armed Forces	1,884	0.2%

Total Labor Force	841,935	70.8%
Not in Labor Force	346,472	29.2%

Real Unemployment Rate		33.0%

Class of Worker
	Male	Female	% Male
Private Sector	329,800	271,029	54.9%
Non-Profit	20,869	44,820	31.8%
Self-Employed	49,332	26,790	64.8%

Local Government	25,084	35,955	41.1%
State Government	20,297	30,386	40.0%
Federal Government	10,451	11,281	48.1%

Total Private + Self	379,132	297,819	56.0%
Total Non-Profit + Govt.	76,701	122,442	38.5%
Total	455,833	420,261	52.0%

Pct. Govt.	15.2%

Occupation
	Number	%
Management, Business, Science, Arts	125,905	14.3%
Sales and Office Occupations	182,896	20.8%
Professional, Technical	200,889	22.9%
Service Occupations	136,373	15.5%
Farming, Forestry, Fishing	2,959	0.3%
All others	231,521	26.4%

White Collar		58.1%

Industry
	Number	%
Health care and social assistance	130,110	1331.3%
Manufacturing	115,391	1180.7%
Retail trade	100,323	1026.5%
Educational services	81,215	831.0%
Construction	61,136	625.6%
Accommodation and food services	59,693	610.8%
Finance and insurance	45,689	467.5%
Professional, scientific, technical	45,444	465.0%
Other services	44,949	459.9%
Public administration	38,970	398.8%
Transportation and warehousing	37,657	385.3%
Administrative, support, waste mgmt.	32,609	333.7%
Wholesale trade	23,398	239.4%
Real estate and rental and leasing	13,871	141.9%
Utilities	13,297	136.1%
Information	11,870	121.5%
Arts, entertainment, recreation	10,811	110.6%
Agriculture, forestry, fishing, hunting	5,358	54.8%
Mining, quarrying, oil/gas extraction	4,720	48.3%
Management	1,073	11.0%

Hispanic Breakdown
Country	Number	%
Mexican	52,953	2.72%
Puerto Rican	6,437	0.33%
Cuban	2,807	0.14%
Dominican	840	0.04%

Total Central American	9,953	0.51%
Costa Rican	143	0.01%
Guatemalan	4,493	0.23%
Honduran	2,021	0.10%
Nicaraguan	175	0.01%
Panamanian	477	0.02%
Salvadoran	2,464	0.13%
Other Central American	180	0.01%

Total South American	4,395	0.23%
Argentinean	503	0.03%
Bolivian	41	0.00%
Chilean	380	0.02%
Colombian	1,170	0.06%
Ecuadorian	399	0.02%
Paraguayan	20	0.00%
Peruvian	430	0.02%
Uruguayan	0	0.00%
Venezuelan	1,405	0.07%
Other South American	47	0.00%

Other Hispanic	6,170	0.32%

Asian Breakdown
Country	Number	%
Indian	6,318	0.32%
Chinese	5,259	0.27%
Vietnamese	3,023	0.16%
Filipino	2,249	0.12%
Korean	2,182	0.11%
Japanese	764	0.04%
Taiwanese	344	0.02%
Thai	288	0.01%
Malaysian	264	0.01%

Language Spoken at Home
Language	Number	%
English	1,742,245	94.8%
Spanish	62,360	3.4%
Other Indo-European	8,257	0.4%
Chinese	4,209	0.2%
German, other Germanic	3,556	0.2%
Arabic	2,731	0.1%
Other	2,643	0.1%
Other Asian	2,642	0.1%
Vietnamese	2,126	0.1%

Ancestry
Country	Number	%
American	267,090	13.7%
English	200,135	10.3%
Irish	154,417	7.9%
German	119,663	6.1%
Scottish	39,905	2.0%
Italian	33,879	1.7%
European	31,973	1.6%
Scotch-Irish	24,833	1.3%
French	23,038	1.2%
African	16,839	0.9%
Dutch	10,507	0.5%
British	10,049	0.5%
Polish	9,490	0.5%
Welsh	8,894	0.5%
Norwegian	5,897	0.3%

Citizenship & Nativity
	Number	%
U.S. citizen	1,911,205	98.0%
Not a citizen	38,404	2.0%

Native	1,885,767	96.7%
Foreign-born	63,842	3.3%

Educational Attainment, Population 25 Years and Older
46,836	3.5%	109,435	8.2%	395,939	29.8%	403,652	30.4%	227,893	17.2%	143,694	10.8%
Average years of education: 13.4

Population 25 Years and Older
< 9 Years	46,836	3.5%
9-12 Years	109,435	8.2%
H.S. Grad or GED	395,939	29.8%
Some College	403,652	30.4%
Bach. Degree	227,893	17.2%
Grad Degree	143,694	10.8%
Average years of education: 13.4

Labor Force Data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics
Year	Labor Force	Employed	Unemployed	Unemp. Rate	State Avg.
1990	763,521	713,693	49,828	6.5%
1991	766,425	713,348	53,077	6.9%
1992	779,996	724,310	55,686	7.1%
1993	790,045	738,460	51,585	6.5%
1994	806,871	763,245	43,626	5.4%
1995	822,305	780,780	41,525	5.0%
1996	832,723	796,190	36,533	4.4%
1997	852,607	816,322	36,285	4.3%
1998	860,346	827,309	33,037	3.8%
1999	861,961	826,617	35,344	4.1%

2000	860,947	823,164	37,783	4.4%
2001	853,712	812,359	41,353	4.8%
2002	850,248	803,506	46,742	5.5%
2003	855,452	807,869	47,583	5.6%
2004	860,404	815,813	44,591	5.2%
2005	860,254	824,243	36,011	4.2%
2006	871,822	838,513	33,309	3.8%
2007	871,175	837,462	33,713	3.9%
2008	865,718	817,686	48,032	5.5%
2009	852,600	767,490	85,110	10.0%

2010	865,373	777,042	88,331	10.2%
2011	868,504	788,679	79,825	9.2%
2012	862,786	796,683	66,103	7.7%
2013	861,202	801,755	59,447	6.9%
2014	858,590	804,317	54,273	6.3%
2015	854,260	805,005	49,255	5.8%
2016	853,974	805,369	48,605	5.7%
2017	859,419	821,937	37,482	4.4%
2018	873,906	841,700	32,206	3.7%
2019	884,540	859,016	25,524	2.9%

2020	875,485	824,468	51,017	5.8%
2021	887,354	858,501	28,853	3.3%
2022	896,631	874,247	22,384	2.5%
2023	902,667	881,081	21,586	2.4%

Housing Data
	Number	%
Housing Units	875,974
Median Value	$189,440

Occupied	745,238	85.1%
Vacant	130,736	14.9%

Owned	525,773	70.6%
Rented	219,465	29.4%
Median Rent	$959

Single-Family Units	617,812	70.5%
Detached	600,502	68.6%
Attached	17,310	2.0%
Buldings with 5+ Units	110,743	12.6%
Mobile Homes	107,566	12.3%

Birmingham, AL Market Area

Race Breakdown with Components of Population Change

Age, Family & Household Data for Birmingham, AL Market Area

2022 Housing Data for Birmingham, AL Market Area

2022 Income & Employment Data for Birmingham, AL Market Area

2022 Ancestry, Citizenship & Language Data for Birmingham, AL Market Area

2022 Educational Attainment Data for Birmingham, AL Market Area

Historical Labor Force Data for Birmingham, AL Market Area