2024 population: 400,589 ( 2,205 from 2020)
Land area: 7728.3 square miles
Population density: 51.8 persons per square mile

2024 Census data
White:	327,268	81.70%	2.4%
Black:	18,093	4.52%	18.4%
Indian:	1,106	0.28%	15.8%
Asian:	18,279	4.56%	17.6%
2+ races:	8,023	2.00%	14.2%
Hispanic:	27,820	6.94%	15.3%

Total non-White:	73,321	18.30%	16.5%

2020-2024 Components	Number	Rate
Births:	19,165	12.0
Deaths:	17,815	11.2
Net Migration:	-4,834	-3.0
Net Immigration:	5,503	3.5

Change in White population:	-8,190	-2.1
Change in Non-White pop.:	10,395	2.6

Race Breakdown with Components of Population Change

[Display all years]

Year:

Total population:

White:

Black:

Indian:

Asian:

2+ races:

Hispanic:

Total non-White:

2020
398,384
335,458	84.20%
15,279	3.84%
955	0.24%
15,543	3.90%
7,028	1.76%
24,121	6.05%
62,926	15.80%

2010
381,763
339,823	89.01%
8,841	2.32%
617	0.16%
9,778	2.56%
4,896	1.28%
17,464	4.57%
41,940	10.99%

2000
367,365
342,885	93.34%
4,126	1.12%
613	0.17%
6,791	1.85%
2,984	0.81%
9,729	2.65%
24,480	6.66%

1990
349,293
339,612	97.23%
1,297	0.37%
469	0.13%
4,242	1.21%
n/a
3,673	1.05%
9,681	2.77%

1980
354,735
348,870	98.35%
603	0.17%
445	0.13%
1,601	0.45%
n/a
3,126	0.88%
5,865	1.65%

1970
352,771
348,437	98.77%
622	0.18%
166	0.05%
632	0.18%
n/a
2,649	0.75%
4,334	1.23%

Decade:

Components:

Births:

Deaths:

Net Migration:

Net Immigration:

Change in White population:

Change in Non-White pop.:

Number	Rate
2010's
44,952	11.8
33,203	8.7
-8,870	-2.3
7,163	1.9

-4,365	-1.1
20,986	5.5

Number	Rate
2000's
46,689	12.7
31,789	8.7
-9,304	-2.5
7,110	1.9

-3,062	-0.8
17,460	4.8

Number	Rate
1990's
46,526	13.3
34,729	9.9
-4,428	-1.3
3,719	1.1

3,273	0.9
14,799	4.2

Number	Rate
1980's
53,459	15.1
33,038	9.3
-25,722	-7.3
n/a

-9,258	-2.6
3,816	1.1

Number	Rate
1970's
n/a
n/a
-24,528	-7.0
n/a

433	0.1
1,531	0.4

Age, Family & Household Data for Rochester-Mason City-Austin, MN-IA Market Area

[Display all years]

Year:

Median Age:

Under 18:

Voting Age Population:

Over 65:

Households:

Persons Per HH:

Families (%HH):

Married Couples (%Fams):

Single Mothers (%Fams):

Non-Family (%HH):

2024
Number	Percent
40.3
90,116	22.5%
310,473	77.5%
74,517	18.6%

159,192
2.37

100,429	63.1%
81,304	81.0%
7,529	7.5%
58,763	36.9%

2010
Number	Percent
40.1
92,866	24.3%
288,897	75.7%
62,139	16.3%

155,872
2.40

102,084	65.5%
82,706	81.0%
8,620	8.4%
53,788	34.5%

2000
Number	Percent
37.9
95,095	25.9%
272,270	74.1%
58,448	15.9%

145,748
2.46

99,036	68.0%
83,615	84.4%
7,479	7.6%
46,712	32.0%

1990
Number	Percent
34.5
93,757	26.8%
255,536	73.2%
56,126	16.1%

135,477
2.52

95,327	70.4%
83,687	87.8%
5,643	5.9%
40,150	29.6%

1980
Number	Percent
31.7
101,778	28.7%
252,957	71.3%
50,140	14.1%

129,116
2.69

95,260	73.8%
85,503	89.8%
4,317	4.5%
33,856	26.2%

2024 Housing Data for Rochester-Mason City-Austin, MN-IA Market Area

Household Income
Range	Number	%
Less than $10,000	5,215	3.3%
$10,000 to $14,999	4,361	2.7%
$15,000 to $19,999	4,934	3.1%
$20,000 to $24,999	5,124	3.2%
$25,000 to $29,999	4,930	3.1%
$30,000 to $34,999	5,212	3.3%
$35,000 to $39,999	4,812	3.0%
$40,000 to $44,999	5,558	3.5%
$45,000 to $49,999	6,116	3.8%
$50,000 to $59,999	10,740	6.7%
$60,000 to $74,999	16,565	10.4%
$75,000 to $99,999	21,983	13.8%
$100,000 to $124,999	18,270	11.5%
$125,000 to $149,999	13,065	8.2%
$150,000 to $199,999	14,924	9.4%
$200,000 or more	17,383	10.9%

Median Household Income	82,590
Per Capita Income	45,584

Cost of Living Index (100 = average)
Compared to U.S.	95

Welfare Households
	Number	%
SSI	6,143	3.9%
Public Assistance	4,031	2.5%
Public Asst. or Food Stamps	13,924	8.7%

Labor Force, Ages 25-64
	Number	%
Employed	171,754	79.8%
Unemployed	5,907	2.7%
In Armed Forces	95	0.0%

Total Labor Force	177,756	82.6%
Not in Labor Force	37,423	17.4%

Real Unemployment Rate		20.1%

Class of Worker
	Male	Female	% Male
Private Sector	63,296	45,450	58.2%
Non-Profit	16,190	28,633	36.1%
Self-Employed	12,936	6,845	65.4%

Local Government	5,767	10,262	36.0%
State Government	1,895	2,658	41.6%
Federal Government	1,207	1,119	51.9%

Total Private + Self	76,232	52,295	59.3%
Total Non-Profit + Govt.	25,059	42,672	37.0%
Total	101,291	94,967	51.6%

Pct. Govt.	11.7%
Pct. Private + Self	65.5%

Occupation
	Number	%
Management, Business, Science, Arts	28,930	14.7%
Sales and Office Occupations	34,075	17.3%
Professional, Technical	56,567	28.7%
Service Occupations	29,673	15.1%
Farming, Forestry, Fishing	1,529	0.8%
All others	47,538	24.2%

White Collar		60.8%

Industry
	Number	%
Health care and social assistance	55,173	28.0%
Manufacturing	26,030	13.2%
Retail trade	19,795	10.1%
Educational services	15,372	7.8%
Construction	12,709	6.5%
Accommodation and food services	9,814	5.0%
Other services	8,024	4.1%
Professional, scientific, technical	7,832	4.0%
Agriculture, forestry, fishing, hunting	6,690	3.4%
Transportation and warehousing	6,270	3.2%
Finance and insurance	5,782	2.9%
Public administration	5,639	2.9%
Administrative, support, waste mgmt.	4,552	2.3%
Wholesale trade	3,968	2.0%
Information	2,586	1.3%
Arts, entertainment, recreation	2,559	1.3%
Real estate and rental and leasing	2,064	1.0%
Utilities	1,506	0.8%
Mining, quarrying, oil/gas extraction	291	0.1%
Management	127	0.1%

Hispanic Breakdown
Country	Number	%
Mexican	17,385	4.52%
Puerto Rican	1,243	0.32%
Cuban	324	0.08%
Dominican	185	0.05%

Total Central American	2,149	0.56%
Costa Rican	49	0.01%
Guatemalan	931	0.24%
Honduran	271	0.07%
Nicaraguan	8	0.00%
Panamanian	54	0.01%
Salvadoran	836	0.22%
Other Central American	0	0.00%

Total South American	1,750	0.46%
Argentinean	62	0.02%
Bolivian	94	0.02%
Chilean	66	0.02%
Colombian	1,012	0.26%
Ecuadorian	164	0.04%
Paraguayan	73	0.02%
Peruvian	157	0.04%
Uruguayan	0	0.00%
Venezuelan	106	0.03%
Other South American	16	0.00%

Other Hispanic	2,204	0.57%

Asian Breakdown
Country	Number	%
Vietnamese	2,217	0.58%
Chinese	2,144	0.56%
Indian	2,128	0.55%
Burmese	2,112	0.55%
Cambodian	1,594	0.41%
Filipino	1,205	0.31%
Korean	647	0.17%
Laotian	433	0.11%
Thai	365	0.09%

Language Spoken at Home
Language	Number	%
English	323,346	89.4%
Spanish	13,879	3.8%
Other Asian	6,018	1.7%
Other	4,730	1.3%
German, other Germanic	2,677	0.7%
Other Indo-European	2,359	0.7%
Arabic	2,072	0.6%
Vietnamese	1,638	0.5%
Chinese	1,359	0.4%

Ancestry
Country	Number	%
German	124,594	32.4%
Norwegian	58,426	15.2%
Irish	37,491	9.8%
English	27,982	7.3%
American	16,434	4.3%
Swedish	10,269	2.7%
Polish	7,714	2.0%
Dutch	7,319	1.9%
Czech	6,709	1.7%
French	6,432	1.7%
Danish	6,039	1.6%
Italian	5,150	1.3%
European	4,457	1.2%
Scottish	4,293	1.1%
Scandinavian	3,110	0.8%

Citizenship & Nativity
	Number	%
U.S. citizen	372,412	96.9%
Not a citizen	12,095	3.1%

Native	356,657	92.8%
Foreign-born	27,850	7.2%

Educational Attainment, Population 25 Years and Older
7,699	2.9%	8,856	3.3%	72,312	27.3%	85,373	32.3%	55,506	21.0%	34,818	13.2%
Average years of education: 13.8

Population 25 Years and Older
< 9 Years	7,699	2.9%
9-12 Years	8,856	3.3%
H.S. Grad or GED	72,312	27.3%
Some College	85,373	32.3%
Bach. Degree	55,506	21.0%
Grad Degree	34,818	13.2%
Average years of education: 13.8

Labor Force Data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics
Year	Labor Force	Employed	Unemployed	Unemp. Rate	State Avg.
1990	175,651	166,991	8,660	4.9%
1991	177,423	169,542	7,881	4.4%
1992	179,244	171,759	7,485	4.2%
1993	181,837	174,052	7,785	4.3%
1994	182,739	174,722	8,017	4.4%
1995	182,630	176,137	6,493	3.6%
1996	184,964	178,322	6,642	3.6%
1997	187,011	181,746	5,265	2.8%
1998	189,126	184,583	4,543	2.4%
1999	191,629	187,066	4,563	2.4%

2000	193,026	187,555	5,471	2.8%
2001	196,171	189,740	6,431	3.3%
2002	198,685	190,771	7,914	4.0%
2003	198,555	189,874	8,681	4.4%
2004	199,754	191,242	8,512	4.3%
2005	199,679	191,645	8,034	4.0%
2006	199,591	192,078	7,513	3.8%
2007	200,008	191,922	8,086	4.0%
2008	200,101	190,297	9,804	4.9%
2009	201,583	187,311	14,272	7.1%

2010	202,126	188,935	13,191	6.5%
2011	201,302	189,656	11,646	5.8%
2012	200,798	190,774	10,024	5.0%
2013	200,862	191,679	9,183	4.6%
2014	200,301	192,383	7,918	4.0%
2015	202,226	195,392	6,834	3.4%
2016	204,166	197,483	6,683	3.3%
2017	204,780	198,784	5,996	2.9%
2018	205,561	200,139	5,422	2.6%
2019	209,156	203,356	5,800	2.8%

2020	209,261	198,193	11,068	5.3%
2021	207,082	200,086	6,996	3.4%
2022	207,846	202,763	5,083	2.4%
2023	208,934	203,590	5,344	2.6%
2024	208,833	203,386	5,447	2.6%

Housing Data
	Number	%
Housing Units	173,486
Median Value	$242,160

Occupied	159,192	91.8%
Vacant	14,294	8.2%

Owned	118,929	74.7%
Rented	40,263	25.3%
Median Rent	$1,056

Single-Family Units	137,505	79.3%
Detached	129,007	74.4%
Attached	8,498	4.9%
Buldings with 5+ Units	23,045	13.3%
Mobile Homes	4,621	2.7%

Rochester-Mason City-Austin, MN-IA Market Area

Race Breakdown with Components of Population Change

Age, Family & Household Data for Rochester-Mason City-Austin, MN-IA Market Area

2024 Housing Data for Rochester-Mason City-Austin, MN-IA Market Area

2024 Income & Employment Data for Rochester-Mason City-Austin, MN-IA Market Area

2024 Ancestry, Citizenship & Language Data for Rochester-Mason City-Austin, MN-IA Market Area

2024 Educational Attainment Data for Rochester-Mason City-Austin, MN-IA Market Area

Historical Labor Force Data for Rochester-Mason City-Austin, MN-IA Market Area