(St)
(US)
2022 population: 745,532
| 2022 Census data | |||
| White: | 207,082 | 27.78% | |
| Black: | 24,003 | 3.22% | |
| Indian: | 2,269 | 0.30% | |
| Asian: | 17,296 | 2.32% | |
| 2+ races: | 13,294 | 1.78% | |
| Hispanic: | 479,364 | 64.30% | |
| Total non-White: | 538,450 | 72.22% | |
| Housing Data | ||
|---|---|---|
| Number | % | |
| Housing Units | 280,774 | |
| Median Value | $217,900 | |
| Occupied | 247,996 | 88.3% |
| Vacant | 32,778 | 11.7% |
| Owned | 183,444 | 74.0% |
| Rented | 64,552 | 26.0% |
| Median Rent | $1,116 | |
| Single-Family Units | 206,399 | 73.5% |
| Detached | 201,237 | 71.7% |
| Attached | 5,162 | 1.8% |
| Buldings with 5+ Units | 27,302 | 9.7% |
| Mobile Homes | 34,675 | 12.3% |
| Household Income | ||
|---|---|---|
| Range | Number | % |
| Less than $10,000 | 12,312 | 5.0% |
| $10,000 to $14,999 | 11,711 | 4.7% |
| $15,000 to $19,999 | 8,312 | 3.4% |
| $20,000 to $24,999 | 9,206 | 3.7% |
| $25,000 to $29,999 | 9,987 | 4.0% |
| $30,000 to $34,999 | 8,156 | 3.3% |
| $35,000 to $39,999 | 8,792 | 3.5% |
| $40,000 to $44,999 | 8,104 | 3.3% |
| $45,000 to $49,999 | 8,666 | 3.5% |
| $50,000 to $59,999 | 16,578 | 6.7% |
| $60,000 to $74,999 | 23,715 | 9.6% |
| $75,000 to $99,999 | 31,338 | 12.6% |
| $100,000 to $124,999 | 24,501 | 9.9% |
| $125,000 to $149,999 | 19,156 | 7.7% |
| $150,000 to $199,999 | 22,454 | 9.1% |
| $200,000 or more | 25,008 | 10.1% |
| Median Household Income | 73,911 | |
| Per Capita Income | 34,821 | |
| Welfare Households | ||
|---|---|---|
| Number | % | |
| SSI | 13,404 | 5.4% |
| Public Assistance | 6,081 | 2.5% |
| Public Asst. or Food Stamps | 38,001 | 15.3% |
| Labor Force, Ages 25-64 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Number | % | |
| Employed | 109,751 | 65.0% |
| Unemployed | 4,591 | 2.7% |
| In Armed Forces | 11,311 | 6.7% |
| Total Labor Force | 125,653 | 74.4% |
| Not in Labor Force | 43,177 | 25.6% |
| Real Unemployment Rate | 28.3% | |
| Class of Worker | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Male | Female | % Male | |
| Private Sector | 122,894 | 88,677 | 58.1% |
| Non-Profit | 7,709 | 11,939 | 39.2% |
| Self-Employed | 23,179 | 11,312 | 67.2% |
| Local Government | 11,192 | 17,464 | 39.1% |
| State Government | 5,837 | 7,510 | 43.7% |
| Federal Government | 10,987 | 5,886 | 65.1% |
| Total Private + Self | 146,073 | 99,989 | 59.4% |
| Total Non-Profit + Govt. | 35,725 | 42,799 | 45.5% |
| Total | 181,798 | 142,788 | 56.0% |
| Pct. Govt. | 18.1% | ||
| Occupation | ||
|---|---|---|
| Number | % | |
| Management, Business, Science, Arts | 50,236 | 15.4% |
| Sales and Office Occupations | 70,111 | 21.5% |
| Professional, Technical | 71,140 | 21.9% |
| Service Occupations | 55,479 | 17.0% |
| Farming, Forestry, Fishing | 2,925 | 0.9% |
| All others | 78,439 | 24.1% |
| White Collar | 58.8% | |
| Industry | ||
|---|---|---|
| Number | % | |
| Retail trade | 34,625 | 10.6% |
| Educational services and health care | 34,181 | 10.5% |
| Construction | 24,944 | 7.7% |
| Accommodation, food svcs, recreation | 22,434 | 6.9% |
| Public administration | 21,625 | 6.6% |
| Professional, scientific, management | 19,911 | 6.1% |
| Finance, insurance and real estate | 19,639 | 6.0% |
| Manufacturing | 18,279 | 5.6% |
| Transportation, warehousing, utilities | 16,811 | 5.2% |
| Other services | 14,771 | 4.5% |
| Wholesale trade | 7,380 | 2.3% |
| Farming, forestry, fishing, mining | 5,541 | 1.7% |
| Information | 5,082 | 1.6% |
| Hispanic Breakdown | ||
|---|---|---|
| Country | Number | % |
| Mexican | 431,896 | 57.93% |
| Puerto Rican | 8,698 | 1.17% |
| Cuban | 1,347 | 0.18% |
| Dominican | 1,404 | 0.19% |
| Total Central American | 5,752 | 0.77% |
| Costa Rican | 302 | 0.04% |
| Guatemalan | 1,110 | 0.15% |
| Honduran | 1,536 | 0.21% |
| Nicaraguan | 549 | 0.07% |
| Panamanian | 840 | 0.11% |
| Salvadoran | 1,415 | 0.19% |
| Total South American | 4,474 | 0.60% |
| Argentinean | 672 | 0.09% |
| Bolivian | 12 | 0.00% |
| Chilean | 363 | 0.05% |
| Colombian | 2,089 | 0.28% |
| Ecuadorian | 260 | 0.03% |
| Paraguayan | 13 | 0.00% |
| Peruvian | 387 | 0.05% |
| Venezuelan | 369 | 0.05% |
| Other South American | 309 | 0.04% |
| Other Hispanic | 25,793 | 3.46% |
| Asian Breakdown | ||
|---|---|---|
| Country | Number | % |
| Indian | 4,968 | 0.67% |
| Filipino | 3,935 | 0.53% |
| Chinese | 3,860 | 0.52% |
| Vietnamese | 1,243 | 0.17% |
| Korean | 945 | 0.13% |
| Cambodian | 377 | 0.05% |
| Japanese | 350 | 0.05% |
| Hmong | 302 | 0.04% |
| Thai | 140 | 0.02% |
| Language Spoken at Home | ||
|---|---|---|
| Language | Number | % |
| English | 371,567 | 53.4% |
| Spanish | 304,227 | 43.7% |
| Other Indo-European | 4,700 | 0.7% |
| Other Asian | 2,773 | 0.4% |
| Chinese | 2,645 | 0.4% |
| Tagalog | 1,973 | 0.3% |
| Other | 1,710 | 0.2% |
| Arabic | 1,641 | 0.2% |
| German, other Germanic | 1,241 | 0.2% |
| Ancestry | ||
|---|---|---|
| Country | Number | % |
| German | 57,321 | 7.7% |
| English | 39,748 | 5.3% |
| Irish | 34,895 | 4.7% |
| American | 26,395 | 3.5% |
| Italian | 12,839 | 1.7% |
| French | 10,472 | 1.4% |
| Polish | 7,579 | 1.0% |
| Scottish | 7,361 | 1.0% |
| European | 6,626 | 0.9% |
| Scotch-Irish | 5,400 | 0.7% |
| Dutch | 3,872 | 0.5% |
| Norwegian | 3,486 | 0.5% |
| Swedish | 2,935 | 0.4% |
| British | 2,588 | 0.3% |
| Czech | 2,548 | 0.3% |
| Citizenship & Nativity | ||
|---|---|---|
| Number | % | |
| U.S. citizen | 687,788 | 92.3% |
| Not a citizen | 57,744 | 7.7% |
| Native | 630,573 | 84.6% |
| Foreign-born | 114,959 | 15.4% |
| Educational Attainment, Population 25 Years and Older | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| < 9 Years | 9-12 Years | H.S. Grad or GED | Some College | Bach. Degree | Grad Degree | ||||||
| 44,425 | 9.4% | 38,804 | 8.2% | 116,849 | 24.7% | 132,480 | 28.0% | 86,460 | 18.3% | 54,023 | 11.4% |
| Average years of education: 12.9 | |||||||||||
| Population 25 Years and Older | ||
|---|---|---|
| < 9 Years | 44,425 | 9.4% |
| 9-12 Years | 38,804 | 8.2% |
| H.S. Grad or GED | 116,849 | 24.7% |
| Some College | 132,480 | 28.0% |
| Bach. Degree | 86,460 | 18.3% |
| Grad Degree | 54,023 | 11.4% |
| Average years of education: 12.9 | ||
Click on the District to view county-level data for that election (where available).
NOTE: Results prior to 2022 are for districts which previously covered much of this area, regardless of district number.
| Date | District | Winner | Runner-Up | Other | Total Votes | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2022-11-08 | TX23 | Tony Gonzales* (R) | 116,649 | 55.9% | John Lira (D) | 80,947 | 38.8% | 11,180 | 5.4% | 208,776 |
| Redistricting effect (2022); the partisan balance of the district was moved to the RIGHT by approximately 3% compared to 2020. | ||||||||||
| 2020-11-03 | TX23 | Tony Gonzales (R) | 149,395 | 50.6% | Gina Jones (D) | 137,693 | 46.6% | 8,369 | 2.8% | 295,457 |
| 2018-11-06 | TX23 | Will Hurd* (R) | 103,285 | 49.2% | Gina Jones (D) | 102,359 | 48.7% | 4,425 | 2.1% | 210,069 |
| 2016-11-08 | TX23 | Will Hurd* (R) | 110,577 | 48.3% | Pete Gallego (D) | 107,526 | 47.0% | 10,862 | 4.7% | 228,965 |
| 2014-11-04 | TX23 | Will Hurd (R) | 57,459 | 49.8% | Pete Gallego* (D) | 55,037 | 47.7% | 2,933 | 2.5% | 115,429 |
| 2012-11-06 | TX23 | Pete Gallego (D) | 96,676 | 50.3% | Quico Canseco* (R) | 87,547 | 45.6% | 7,946 | 4.1% | 192,169 |
| Redistricting effect (2012); the partisan balance of the district was moved to the RIGHT by approximately 1% compared to 2010. | ||||||||||
| 2010-11-02 | TX23 | Quico Canseco (R) | 74,853 | 49.4% | Ciro Rodriguez* (D) | 67,348 | 44.4% | 9,333 | 6.2% | 151,534 |
| 2008-11-04 | TX23 | Ciro Rodriguez* (D) | 134,090 | 55.8% | Lyle Larson (R) | 100,799 | 41.9% | 5,581 | 2.3% | 240,470 |
| 2006-12-12 RO | TX23 | Ciro Rodriguez (D) | 38,256 | 54.2% | Henry Bonilla* (R) | 32,217 | 45.7% | 100 | 0.1% | 70,573 |
| 2006-11-07 | TX23 | Henry Bonilla* (R) | 60,175 | 48.6% | Ciro Rodriguez (D) | 24,594 | 19.9% | 39,030 | 31.5% | 123,799 |
| Redistricting effect (2006); the partisan balance of the district was moved to the LEFT by approximately 7% compared to 2004. | ||||||||||
| 2004-11-02 | TX23 | Henry Bonilla* (R) | 170,716 | 69.3% | Joe Sullivan (D) | 72,480 | 29.4% | 3,307 | 1.3% | 246,503 |
| Redistricting effect (2004); the partisan balance of the district was moved to the RIGHT by approximately 6% compared to 2000. | ||||||||||
| 2002-11-05 | TX23 | Henry Bonilla* (R) | 77,573 | 51.5% | Henry Cuellar (D) | 71,067 | 47.2% | 1,912 | 1.3% | 150,552 |
| Redistricting effect (2002); the partisan balance of the district was changed by less than 1% compared to 2000. | ||||||||||
| 2000-11-07 | TX23 | Henry Bonilla* (R) | 119,679 | 59.3% | Isidro Garza (D) | 78,274 | 38.8% | 3,801 | 1.9% | 201,754 |
| 1998-11-03 | TX23 | Henry Bonilla* (R) | 73,177 | 63.8% | Charlie Jones (D) | 40,281 | 35.1% | 1,262 | 1.1% | 114,720 |
| 1996-11-05 | TX23 | Henry Bonilla* (R) | 101,332 | 61.8% | Charlie Jones (D) | 59,596 | 36.4% | 2,911 | 1.8% | 163,839 |
| 1994-11-08 | TX23 | Henry Bonilla* (R) | 73,815 | 62.6% | Rolando Rios (D) | 44,101 | 37.4% | 0 | 0.0% | 117,916 |
| 1992-11-03 | TX23 | Henry Bonilla (R) | 98,259 | 59.1% | Albert Bustamante* (D) | 63,797 | 38.4% | 4,291 | 2.6% | 166,347 |
| Redistricting effect (1992); the partisan balance of the district was moved to the LEFT by approximately 22% compared to 1990. | ||||||||||
| 1990-11-06 | TX21 | Lamar Smith* (R) | 144,570 | 76.0% | Kirby Roberts (D) | 45,585 | 24.0% | 0 | 0.0% | 190,155 |
| 1988-11-08 | TX21 | Lamar Smith* (R) | 203,989 | 93.2% | Jim Robinson (Libertarian) | 14,801 | 6.8% | 0 | 0.0% | 218,790 |
| 1986-11-04 | TX21 | Lamar Smith (R) | 100,346 | 60.6% | Pete Snelson (D) | 63,779 | 38.5% | 1,442 | 0.9% | 165,567 |
| 1984-11-06 | TX21 | Tom Loeffler* (R) | 199,909 | 80.6% | Joe Sullivan (D) | 48,039 | 19.4% | 32 | 0.0% | 247,980 |
| 1982-11-02 | TX21 | Tom Loeffler* (R) | 106,515 | 74.6% | Charles Stough (D) | 35,112 | 24.6% | 1,245 | 0.9% | 142,872 |
| Redistricting effect (1982); the partisan balance of the district was moved to the RIGHT by approximately 5% compared to 1980. | ||||||||||
| 1980-11-04 | TX21 | Tom Loeffler* (R) | 196,424 | 76.5% | Joe Sullivan (D) | 58,425 | 22.8% | 1,895 | 0.7% | 256,744 |
| 1978-11-07 | TX21 | Tom Loeffler (R) | 84,336 | 57.0% | Nelson Wolff (D) | 63,501 | 43.0% | 0 | 0.0% | 147,837 |
| 1976-11-02 | TX21 | Bob Krueger* (D) | 149,395 | 71.0% | Bobby Locke (R) | 56,211 | 26.7% | 4,709 | 2.2% | 210,315 |
| 1974-11-04 | TX21 | Bob Krueger (D) | 53,543 | 52.6% | Doug Harlan (R) | 45,959 | 45.2% | 2,259 | 2.2% | 101,761 |
| Redistricting effect (1974); the partisan balance of the district was changed by less than 1% compared to 1972. | ||||||||||
| 1972-11-07 | TX21 | Clark Fisher* (D) | 91,180 | 56.8% | Doug Harlan (R) | 69,374 | 43.2% | 0 | 0.0% | 160,554 |
| Year | Turnout | Winner | Runner-Up | Other | Total Votes | Diff (St) | Diff (US) | PSV | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2020 redist | Donald Trump* (R) | 155,681 | 52.9% | Joe Biden (D) | 134,552 | 45.8% | 3,785 | 1.3% | 294,018 | 1 | 6 | 2.60% | |
| 2020 | 53% | Donald Trump* (R) | 151,964 | 50.3% | Joe Biden (D) | 146,559 | 48.5% | 3,889 | 1.3% | 302,412 | -2 | 3 | 2.67% |
| 2016 | 43% | Hillary Clinton (D) | 115,154 | 49.8% | Donald Trump (R) | 107,276 | 46.4% | 8,935 | 3.9% | 231,365 | -6 | 0 | 2.57% |
| 2012 | 38% | Mitt Romney (R) | 99,666 | 50.7% | Barack Obama* (D) | 94,419 | 48.1% | 2,324 | 1.2% | 196,409 | -6 | 4 | 2.46% |
| 2008 | 42% | Barack Obama (D) | 124,936 | 51.0% | John McCain (R) | 118,324 | 48.3% | 1,634 | 0.7% | 244,894 | -7 | 3 | 3.03% |
| 2004 | 52% | George W. Bush* (R) | 163,389 | 64.5% | John Kerry (D) | 89,874 | 35.5% | 0 | 0.0% | 253,263 | 3 | 14 | 3.42% |
| 2000 | 41% | George W. Bush (R) | 116,458 | 56.5% | Albert Gore, Jr. (D) | 85,085 | 41.3% | 4,544 | 2.2% | 206,087 | -3 | 9 | 3.22% |
| 1996 | 35% | Bill Clinton* (D) | 83,965 | 50.4% | Robert Dole (R) | 73,282 | 44.0% | 9,372 | 5.6% | 166,619 | -5 | 3 | 2.97% |
| 1992 | 46% | Bill Clinton (D) | 72,452 | 42.2% | George Bush* (R) | 70,576 | 41.1% | 28,846 | 16.8% | 171,874 | 1 | 4 | 2.79% |
| 1988 | 47% | George Bush (R) | 192,335 | 70.9% | Michael Dukakis (D) | 78,961 | 29.1% | 0 | 0.0% | 271,296 | 15 | 17 | 5.00% |
| 1984 | 58% | Ronald Reagan* (R) | 200,152 | 77.9% | Walter Mondale (D) | 56,786 | 22.1% | 0 | 0.0% | 256,938 | 14 | 19 | 4.76% |
| 1980 | 55% | Ronald Reagan (R) | 156,904 | 64.5% | Jimmy Carter* (D) | 80,296 | 33.0% | 5,978 | 2.5% | 243,178 | 9 | 14 | 5.35% |
| 1976 | 52% | Gerald Ford* (R) | 127,268 | 59.7% | Jimmy Carter (D) | 85,953 | 40.3% | 0 | 0.0% | 213,221 | 12 | 12 | 5.24% |
| 1972 | 53% | Richard Nixon* (R) | 121,423 | 76.1% | George McGovern (D) | 38,093 | 23.9% | 0 | 0.0% | 159,516 | 10 | 15 | 4.59% |
| Year | Pop | White | Black | Indian | Asian | 2+ Races | Hispanic |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2021 | 778,183 | 27.5% | 3.7% | 0.3% | 2.2% | 2.3% | 63.8% |
| 2020 | 786,712 | 22.4% | 3.5% | 2.0% | 2.5% | 69.6% | |
| 2012 | 725,874 | 23.1% | 2.4% | 0.8% | 1.2% | 1.7% | 70.8% |
| 2010 | 847,651 | 27.4% | 3.1% | 0.3% | 1.9% | 0.9% | 66.4% |
| 2002 | 651,619 | 29.8% | 1.4% | 0.3% | 1.0% | 0.7% | 66.8% |
| 2000 | 762,627 | 26.6% | 2.7% | 0.6% | 1.1% | 2.7% | 66.3% |
| 1992 | 566,217 | 33.5% | 2.9% | 0.4% | 0.7% | 62.5% | |
| 1990 | 699,631 | 72.7% | 3.3% | 24.0% | |||
| 1982 | 527,044 | 74.1% | 2.9% | 0.2% | 0.6% | 22.2% | |
| 1980 | 678,379 | 3.0% | 1.0% | 26.0% | |||
| 1976 | 466,753 | 2.0% | 24.0% | ||||
| 1972 | 466,656 | 2.0% | 24.0% |
| Year | Total | Republican | Democrat | Other | R/D Edge | R/D Edge % | VAPOP % | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|