(St)
(US)
2022 population: 751,457
| 2022 Census data | |||
| White: | 665,673 | 88.58% | |
| Black: | 24,603 | 3.27% | |
| Indian: | 526 | 0.07% | |
| Asian: | 9,112 | 1.21% | |
| 2+ races: | 22,478 | 2.99% | |
| Hispanic: | 27,357 | 3.64% | |
| Total non-White: | 85,784 | 11.42% | |
| Housing Data | ||
|---|---|---|
| Number | % | |
| Housing Units | 311,455 | |
| Median Value | $214,400 | |
| Occupied | 285,352 | 91.6% |
| Vacant | 26,103 | 8.4% |
| Owned | 213,102 | 74.7% |
| Rented | 72,250 | 25.3% |
| Median Rent | $946 | |
| Single-Family Units | 233,115 | 74.8% |
| Detached | 223,166 | 71.7% |
| Attached | 9,949 | 3.2% |
| Buldings with 5+ Units | 39,005 | 12.5% |
| Mobile Homes | 21,794 | 7.0% |
| Household Income | ||
|---|---|---|
| Range | Number | % |
| Less than $10,000 | 12,754 | 4.5% |
| $10,000 to $14,999 | 10,406 | 3.6% |
| $15,000 to $19,999 | 9,124 | 3.2% |
| $20,000 to $24,999 | 11,131 | 3.9% |
| $25,000 to $29,999 | 9,467 | 3.3% |
| $30,000 to $34,999 | 11,134 | 3.9% |
| $35,000 to $39,999 | 9,919 | 3.5% |
| $40,000 to $44,999 | 10,317 | 3.6% |
| $45,000 to $49,999 | 10,313 | 3.6% |
| $50,000 to $59,999 | 19,339 | 6.8% |
| $60,000 to $74,999 | 27,570 | 9.7% |
| $75,000 to $99,999 | 37,627 | 13.2% |
| $100,000 to $124,999 | 31,777 | 11.1% |
| $125,000 to $149,999 | 22,605 | 7.9% |
| $150,000 to $199,999 | 25,689 | 9.0% |
| $200,000 or more | 26,180 | 9.2% |
| Median Household Income | 75,658 | |
| Per Capita Income | 38,755 | |
| Welfare Households | ||
|---|---|---|
| Number | % | |
| SSI | 14,983 | 5.3% |
| Public Assistance | 4,739 | 1.7% |
| Public Asst. or Food Stamps | 25,669 | 9.0% |
| Labor Force, Ages 25-64 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Number | % | |
| Employed | 333,976 | 72.6% |
| Unemployed | 14,403 | 3.1% |
| In Armed Forces | 466 | 0.1% |
| Total Labor Force | 348,845 | 75.8% |
| Not in Labor Force | 111,335 | 24.2% |
| Real Unemployment Rate | 27.3% | |
| Class of Worker | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Male | Female | % Male | |
| Private Sector | 149,914 | 112,486 | 57.1% |
| Non-Profit | 9,541 | 22,273 | 30.0% |
| Self-Employed | 17,976 | 10,250 | 63.7% |
| Local Government | 8,794 | 13,502 | 39.4% |
| State Government | 4,737 | 8,840 | 34.9% |
| Federal Government | 3,750 | 3,563 | 51.3% |
| Total Private + Self | 167,890 | 122,736 | 57.8% |
| Total Non-Profit + Govt. | 26,822 | 48,178 | 35.8% |
| Total | 194,712 | 170,914 | 53.3% |
| Pct. Govt. | 11.8% | ||
| Occupation | ||
|---|---|---|
| Number | % | |
| Management, Business, Science, Arts | 63,224 | 17.2% |
| Sales and Office Occupations | 74,233 | 20.2% |
| Professional, Technical | 80,473 | 21.9% |
| Service Occupations | 52,414 | 14.3% |
| Farming, Forestry, Fishing | 1,238 | 0.3% |
| All others | 96,400 | 26.3% |
| White Collar | 59.4% | |
| Industry | ||
|---|---|---|
| Number | % | |
| Manufacturing | 53,739 | 14.7% |
| Retail trade | 40,279 | 11.0% |
| Educational services and health care | 30,109 | 8.2% |
| Construction | 25,116 | 6.8% |
| Accommodation, food svcs, recreation | 22,623 | 6.2% |
| Transportation, warehousing, utilities | 22,520 | 6.1% |
| Professional, scientific, management | 22,469 | 6.1% |
| Finance, insurance and real estate | 21,407 | 5.8% |
| Other services | 15,335 | 4.2% |
| Public administration | 14,059 | 3.8% |
| Wholesale trade | 10,931 | 3.0% |
| Information | 5,192 | 1.4% |
| Farming, forestry, fishing, mining | 3,156 | 0.9% |
| Hispanic Breakdown | ||
|---|---|---|
| Country | Number | % |
| Mexican | 13,662 | 1.82% |
| Puerto Rican | 3,396 | 0.45% |
| Cuban | 1,098 | 0.15% |
| Dominican | 241 | 0.03% |
| Total Central American | 5,796 | 0.77% |
| Costa Rican | 60 | 0.01% |
| Guatemalan | 4,114 | 0.55% |
| Honduran | 546 | 0.07% |
| Nicaraguan | 76 | 0.01% |
| Panamanian | 503 | 0.07% |
| Salvadoran | 489 | 0.07% |
| Other Central American | 8 | 0.00% |
| Total South American | 1,414 | 0.19% |
| Argentinean | 15 | 0.00% |
| Bolivian | 14 | 0.00% |
| Chilean | 38 | 0.01% |
| Colombian | 572 | 0.08% |
| Ecuadorian | 71 | 0.01% |
| Peruvian | 278 | 0.04% |
| Uruguayan | 14 | 0.00% |
| Venezuelan | 390 | 0.05% |
| Other South American | 22 | 0.00% |
| Other Hispanic | 1,750 | 0.23% |
| Asian Breakdown | ||
|---|---|---|
| Country | Number | % |
| Indian | 2,886 | 0.38% |
| Chinese | 1,216 | 0.16% |
| Filipino | 1,040 | 0.14% |
| Vietnamese | 844 | 0.11% |
| Japanese | 767 | 0.10% |
| Korean | 733 | 0.10% |
| Taiwanese | 280 | 0.04% |
| Burmese | 176 | 0.02% |
| Thai | 151 | 0.02% |
| Language Spoken at Home | ||
|---|---|---|
| Language | Number | % |
| English | 672,780 | 95.1% |
| Spanish | 17,744 | 2.5% |
| Other Indo-European | 3,154 | 0.4% |
| French, Haitian, Cajun | 2,539 | 0.4% |
| German, other Germanic | 2,458 | 0.3% |
| Other Asian | 2,228 | 0.3% |
| Other | 1,760 | 0.2% |
| Arabic | 1,075 | 0.2% |
| Russian, Polish, other Slavic | 977 | 0.1% |
| Ancestry | ||
|---|---|---|
| Country | Number | % |
| German | 178,194 | 23.7% |
| Irish | 107,229 | 14.3% |
| English | 101,903 | 13.6% |
| American | 75,628 | 10.1% |
| Italian | 24,020 | 3.2% |
| Scottish | 16,118 | 2.1% |
| European | 15,468 | 2.1% |
| French | 14,339 | 1.9% |
| Scotch-Irish | 9,275 | 1.2% |
| Polish | 8,930 | 1.2% |
| Dutch | 7,405 | 1.0% |
| Welsh | 5,336 | 0.7% |
| British | 4,044 | 0.5% |
| Swedish | 4,024 | 0.5% |
| Scandinavian | 2,765 | 0.4% |
| Citizenship & Nativity | ||
|---|---|---|
| Number | % | |
| U.S. citizen | 737,318 | 98.1% |
| Not a citizen | 14,139 | 1.9% |
| Native | 726,091 | 96.6% |
| Foreign-born | 25,366 | 3.4% |
| Educational Attainment, Population 25 Years and Older | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| < 9 Years | 9-12 Years | H.S. Grad or GED | Some College | Bach. Degree | Grad Degree | ||||||
| 16,451 | 3.2% | 29,655 | 5.8% | 159,721 | 31.2% | 148,716 | 29.0% | 97,375 | 19.0% | 60,292 | 11.8% |
| Average years of education: 13.5 | |||||||||||
| Population 25 Years and Older | ||
|---|---|---|
| < 9 Years | 16,451 | 3.2% |
| 9-12 Years | 29,655 | 5.8% |
| H.S. Grad or GED | 159,721 | 31.2% |
| Some College | 148,716 | 29.0% |
| Bach. Degree | 97,375 | 19.0% |
| Grad Degree | 60,292 | 11.8% |
| Average years of education: 13.5 | ||
Click on the District to view county-level data for that election (where available).
NOTE: Results prior to 2022 are for districts which previously covered much of this area, regardless of district number.
| Date | District | Winner | Runner-Up | Other | Total Votes | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2022-11-08 | KY04 | Thomas Massie* (R) | 167,541 | 65.0% | Matthew Lehman (D) | 79,977 | 31.0% | 10,111 | 3.9% | 257,629 |
| Redistricting effect (2022); the partisan balance of the district was changed by less than 1% compared to 2020. | ||||||||||
| 2020-11-03 | KY04 | Thomas Massie* (R) | 256,613 | 67.1% | Alexandra Owensby (D) | 125,896 | 32.9% | 0 | 0.0% | 382,509 |
| 2018-11-06 | KY04 | Thomas Massie* (R) | 162,946 | 62.2% | Seth Hall (D) | 90,536 | 34.6% | 8,330 | 3.2% | 261,812 |
| 2016-11-08 | KY04 | Thomas Massie* (R) | 233,922 | 71.3% | Calvin Sidle (D) | 94,065 | 28.7% | 0 | 0.0% | 327,987 |
| 2014-11-04 | KY04 | Thomas Massie* (R) | 150,464 | 67.7% | Peter Newberry (D) | 71,694 | 32.3% | 0 | 0.0% | 222,158 |
| 2012-11-06 | KY04 | Thomas Massie (R) | 186,036 | 62.1% | Bill Adkins (D) | 104,734 | 35.0% | 8,674 | 2.9% | 299,444 |
| Redistricting effect (2012); the partisan balance of the district was moved to the RIGHT by approximately 1% compared to 2010. | ||||||||||
| 2010-11-02 | KY04 | Geoff Davis* (R) | 151,774 | 69.5% | John Waltz (D) | 66,675 | 30.5% | 0 | 0.0% | 218,449 |
| 2008-11-04 | KY04 | Geoff Davis* (R) | 190,210 | 63.0% | Michael Kelley (D) | 111,549 | 37.0% | 0 | 0.0% | 301,759 |
| 2006-11-07 | KY04 | Geoff Davis* (R) | 105,845 | 51.7% | Ken Lucas (D) | 88,822 | 43.4% | 10,100 | 4.9% | 204,767 |
| 2004-11-02 | KY04 | Geoff Davis (R) | 160,982 | 54.4% | Nick Clooney (D) | 129,876 | 43.9% | 5,069 | 1.7% | 295,927 |
| 2002-11-05 | KY04 | Ken Lucas* (D) | 87,776 | 51.1% | Geoff Davis (R) | 81,651 | 47.5% | 2,308 | 1.3% | 171,735 |
| Redistricting effect (2002); the partisan balance of the district was changed by less than 1% compared to 2000. | ||||||||||
| 2000-11-07 | KY04 | Ken Lucas* (D) | 125,872 | 54.3% | Don Bell (R) | 100,943 | 43.5% | 5,148 | 2.2% | 231,963 |
| 1998-11-03 | KY04 | Ken Lucas (D) | 93,485 | 53.4% | Gex Williams (R) | 81,547 | 46.6% | 0 | 0.0% | 175,032 |
| 1996-11-05 | KY04 | Jim Bunning* (R) | 149,135 | 68.4% | Denny Bowman (D) | 68,939 | 31.6% | 0 | 0.0% | 218,074 |
| 1994-11-08 | KY04 | Jim Bunning* (R) | 96,695 | 74.1% | Sally Skaggs (D) | 33,717 | 25.9% | 0 | 0.0% | 130,412 |
| 1992-11-03 | KY04 | Jim Bunning* (R) | 139,634 | 61.6% | Floyd Poore (D) | 86,890 | 38.4% | 0 | 0.0% | 226,524 |
| Redistricting effect (1992); the partisan balance of the district was moved to the LEFT by approximately 6% compared to 1990. | ||||||||||
| 1990-11-06 | KY04 | Jim Bunning* (R) | 101,680 | 69.3% | Galen Martin (D) | 44,979 | 30.7% | 0 | 0.0% | 146,659 |
| 1988-11-08 | KY04 | Jim Bunning* (R) | 145,609 | 74.2% | Richard Beliles (D) | 50,575 | 25.8% | 0 | 0.0% | 196,184 |
| 1986-11-04 | KY04 | Jim Bunning (R) | 67,626 | 55.1% | Terry Mann (D) | 53,906 | 43.9% | 1,231 | 1.0% | 122,763 |
| 1984-11-06 | KY04 | Gene Snyder* (R) | 108,398 | 53.7% | William Mulloy (D) | 93,640 | 46.3% | 0 | 0.0% | 202,038 |
| 1982-11-02 | KY04 | Gene Snyder* (R) | 74,109 | 54.2% | Terry Mann (D) | 61,937 | 45.3% | 704 | 0.5% | 136,750 |
| Redistricting effect (1982); the partisan balance of the district was moved to the LEFT by approximately 1% compared to 1980. | ||||||||||
| 1980-11-04 | KY04 | Gene Snyder* (R) | 126,049 | 67.0% | Phil McGary (D) | 62,138 | 33.0% | 0 | 0.0% | 188,187 |
| 1978-11-07 | KY04 | Gene Snyder* (R) | 62,087 | 65.8% | George Martin (D) | 32,212 | 34.2% | 0 | 0.0% | 94,299 |
| 1976-11-02 | KY04 | Gene Snyder* (R) | 97,493 | 55.9% | Edward Winterberg (D) | 77,009 | 44.1% | 0 | 0.0% | 174,502 |
| 1974-11-04 | KY04 | Gene Snyder* (R) | 63,845 | 51.7% | Kyle Hubbard (D) | 59,539 | 48.3% | 0 | 0.0% | 123,384 |
| 1972-11-07 | KY04 | Gene Snyder* (R) | 110,902 | 73.8% | James Rogers (D) | 39,332 | 26.2% | 0 | 0.0% | 150,234 |
| Redistricting effect (1972); the partisan balance of the district was changed by less than 1% compared to 1970. | ||||||||||
| 1970-11-03 | KY04 | Gene Snyder* (R) | 83,037 | 66.6% | Charles Webster (D) | 41,659 | 33.4% | 0 | 0.0% | 124,696 |
| 1968-11-05 | KY04 | Gene Snyder* (R) | 103,793 | 65.0% | Gus Sheehan (D) | 55,971 | 35.0% | 0 | 0.0% | 159,764 |
| 1966-11-08 | KY04 | Gene Snyder (R) | 66,801 | 53.9% | Frank Chelf* (D) | 56,902 | 45.9% | 143 | 0.1% | 123,846 |
| 1964-11-03 | KY04 | Frank Chelf* (D) | 88,337 | 61.7% | Clyde Middleton (R) | 54,937 | 38.3% | 0 | 0.0% | 143,274 |
| 1962-11-06 | KY04 | Frank Chelf* (D) | 57,956 | 52.9% | Clyde Middleton (R) | 51,637 | 47.1% | 0 | 0.0% | 109,593 |
| 1960-11-08 | KY05 | Brent Spence* (D) | 63,555 | 55.4% | Jule Appel (R) | 51,125 | 44.6% | 0 | 0.0% | 114,680 |
| 1958-11-04 | KY05 | Brent Spence* (D) | 34,919 | 71.9% | Jule Appel (R) | 13,631 | 28.1% | 0 | 0.0% | 48,550 |
| 1956-11-06 | KY05 | Brent Spence* (D) | 59,391 | 55.9% | Jule Appel (R) | 46,821 | 44.1% | 0 | 0.0% | 106,212 |
| 1954-11-02 | KY05 | Brent Spence* (D) | 63,640 | 61.0% | M.J. See (R) | 40,679 | 39.0% | 0 | 0.0% | 104,319 |
| 1952-11-04 | KY05 | Brent Spence* (D) | 78,431 | 55.4% | William Cochran (R) | 63,058 | 44.6% | 8 | 0.0% | 141,497 |
| 1950-11-07 | KY05 | Brent Spence* (D) | 33,920 | 63.3% | Thomas Hardesty (R) | 19,670 | 36.7% | 0 | 0.0% | 53,590 |
| 1948-11-02 | KY05 | Brent Spence* (D) | 47,518 | 66.2% | George Smith (R) | 24,240 | 33.8% | 0 | 0.0% | 71,758 |
| 1946-11-05 | KY05 | Brent Spence* (D) | 26,444 | 51.2% | Marion Moore (R) | 25,240 | 48.8% | 0 | 0.0% | 51,684 |
| 1944-11-07 | KY05 | Brent Spence* (D) | 45,228 | 58.0% | Olin Davis (R) | 32,606 | 41.8% | 133 | 0.2% | 77,967 |
| 1942-11-03 | KY05 | Brent Spence* (D) | 18,510 | 53.5% | Lewis Kimberly (R) | 12,073 | 34.9% | 4,033 | 11.7% | 34,616 |
| 1940-11-05 | KY05 | Brent Spence* (D) | 51,954 | 61.2% | Henry Cook (R) | 32,981 | 38.8% | 0 | 0.0% | 84,935 |
| 1938-11-08 | KY05 | Brent Spence* (D) | 28,383 | 68.4% | Joseph Kreke (R) | 13,095 | 31.6% | 0 | 0.0% | 41,478 |
| 1936-11-03 | KY05 | Brent Spence* (D) | 57,842 | 66.7% | Ervin Bramlage (R) | 25,011 | 28.8% | 3,860 | 4.5% | 86,713 |
| Year | Turnout | Winner | Runner-Up | Other | Total Votes | Diff (St) | Diff (US) | PSV | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2020 redist | Donald Trump* (R) | 244,777 | 65.4% | Joe Biden (D) | 122,980 | 32.8% | 6,780 | 1.8% | 374,537 | 3 | 19 | 17.53% | |
| 2020 | 66% | Donald Trump* (R) | 250,481 | 64.7% | Joe Biden (D) | 129,335 | 33.4% | 7,040 | 1.8% | 386,856 | 3 | 18 | 18.10% |
| 2016 | 60% | Donald Trump (R) | 219,749 | 65.2% | Hillary Clinton (D) | 98,664 | 29.3% | 18,736 | 5.6% | 337,149 | 3 | 19 | 17.52% |
| 2012 | 57% | Mitt Romney (R) | 197,098 | 63.4% | Barack Obama* (D) | 108,348 | 34.8% | 5,576 | 1.8% | 311,022 | 3 | 16 | 17.30% |
| 2008 | 57% | John McCain (R) | 189,008 | 60.4% | Barack Obama (D) | 118,773 | 38.0% | 5,086 | 1.6% | 312,867 | 3 | 15 | 17.12% |
| 2004 | 60% | George W. Bush* (R) | 195,055 | 63.2% | John Kerry (D) | 111,049 | 36.0% | 2,547 | 0.8% | 308,651 | 4 | 12 | 17.18% |
| 2000 | 51% | George W. Bush (R) | 156,327 | 60.7% | Albert Gore, Jr. (D) | 95,069 | 36.9% | 6,162 | 2.4% | 257,558 | 4 | 13 | 16.68% |
| 1996 | 47% | Robert Dole (R) | 115,187 | 49.9% | Bill Clinton* (D) | 95,070 | 41.2% | 20,733 | 9.0% | 230,990 | 5 | 9 | 16.63% |
| 1992 | 54% | George Bush* (R) | 106,685 | 44.2% | Bill Clinton (D) | 94,323 | 39.1% | 40,437 | 16.7% | 241,445 | 3 | 7 | 16.17% |
| 1988 | 54% | George Bush (R) | 135,832 | 65.2% | Michael Dukakis (D) | 72,430 | 34.8% | 0 | 0.0% | 208,262 | 10 | 12 | 15.75% |
| 1984 | 55% | Ronald Reagan* (R) | 143,262 | 69.7% | Walter Mondale (D) | 62,253 | 30.3% | 0 | 0.0% | 205,515 | 10 | 11 | 15.00% |
| 1980 | 61% | Ronald Reagan (R) | 116,003 | 57.3% | Jimmy Carter* (D) | 78,914 | 39.0% | 7,501 | 3.7% | 202,418 | 8 | 7 | 15.64% |
| 1976 | 57% | Gerald Ford* (R) | 104,266 | 57.2% | Jimmy Carter (D) | 77,963 | 42.8% | 0 | 0.0% | 182,229 | 12 | 9 | 15.61% |
| 1972 | 56% | Richard Nixon* (R) | 112,607 | 70.4% | George McGovern (D) | 47,238 | 29.6% | 0 | 0.0% | 159,845 | 7 | 10 | 14.97% |
| 1968 | n/a | Richard Nixon (R) | 82,454 | 46.8% | Hubert Humphrey (D) | 60,317 | 34.2% | 33,537 | 19.0% | 176,308 | 3 | 3 | 16.70% |
| 1964 | n/a | Lyndon Johnson* (D) | 64.4% | Barry Goldwater (R) | 35.6% | 0.0% | 0 | -3 | n/a | ||||
| 1960 | 62% | Richard Nixon (R) | 66,414 | 54.4% | John Kennedy (D) | 55,694 | 45.6% | 0 | 0.0% | 122,108 | 1 | 5 | 10.86% |
| 1956 | 59% | Dwight Eisenhower* (R) | 62,626 | 56.0% | Adlai Stevenson (D) | 48,548 | 43.4% | 606 | 0.5% | 111,780 | 2 | -1 | 10.61% |
| 1952 | 63% | Dwight Eisenhower (R) | 57,500 | 50.4% | Adlai Stevenson (D) | 56,538 | 49.6% | 0 | 0.0% | 114,038 | 1 | -5 | 11.48% |
| Year | Pop | White | Black | Indian | Asian | 2+ Races | Hispanic |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2021 | 759,552 | 87.7% | 2.3% | 0.2% | 1.2% | 4.8% | 3.5% |
| 2020 | 761,936 | 89.7% | 3.2% | 1.6% | 2.1% | 3.4% | |
| 2012 | 731,100 | 90.5% | 3.7% | 0.4% | 1.1% | 1.3% | 3.0% |
| 2010 | 741,464 | 92.5% | 2.7% | 0.2% | 0.9% | 1.3% | 2.4% |
| 2002 | 673,588 | 95.1% | 2.2% | 0.2% | 0.5% | 0.8% | 1.1% |
| 2000 | 691,720 | 94.5% | 2.6% | 0.2% | 0.5% | 0.9% | 1.3% |
| 1992 | 614,245 | 97.1% | 2.1% | 0.1% | 0.3% | 0.4% | |
| 1990 | 526,697 | 96.6% | 2.5% | ||||
| 1982 | 523,090 | 96.5% | 2.4% | 0.1% | 0.4% | 0.6% | |
| 1980 | 534,324 | 4.0% | 1.0% | ||||
| 1972 | 458,896 | 2.0% | |||||
| 1970 | 576,527 | 3.0% | |||||
| 1960 | 329,116 | ||||||
| 1950 | 293,928 |
| Year | Total | Republican | Democrat | Other | R/D Edge | R/D Edge % | VAPOP % | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2023 | 611,308 | 307,964 | 50.4% | 225,115 | 36.8% | 78,229 | 12.8% | Rep +82,849 | Rep +13.6% | 108% |
| 2022 | 626,424 | 312,511 | 49.9% | 236,106 | 37.7% | 77,807 | 12.4% | Rep +76,405 | Rep +12.2% | 111% |