2022 population: 806,765 ( 63,606 from 2010 , 3,053 from 2020)
Land area: 492.5 square miles
Population density: 1638.0 persons per square mile

2022 Census data
White:	540,083	66.94%	4.4%
Black:	29,688	3.68%	51.7%
Indian:	1,034	0.13%	13.0%
Asian:	31,566	3.91%	37.1%
2+ races:	11,940	1.48%	28.1%
Hispanic:	192,454	23.86%	56.8%

Total non-White:	266,682	33.06%	49.7%

2020-2022 Components	Number	Rate
Births:	18,855	11.6
Deaths:	17,820	11.0
Net Migration:	-11,917	-7.4
Net Immigration:	7,352	4.5

Change in White population:	-24,952	-3.4
Change in Non-White pop.:	88,558	11.9

Race Breakdown with Components of Population Change

[Display all years]

Year:

Total population:

White:

Black:

Indian:

Asian:

2+ races:

Hispanic:

Total non-White:

2010
743,159
565,035	76.03%
19,566	2.63%
915	0.12%
23,025	3.10%
9,321	1.25%
122,745	16.52%
178,124	23.97%

2000
723,419
601,340	83.12%
14,399	1.99%
964	0.13%
16,892	2.34%
8,623	1.19%
79,871	11.04%
122,079	16.88%

1990
670,080
602,210	89.87%
9,639	1.44%
838	0.13%
9,950	1.48%
n/a
47,443	7.08%
67,870	10.13%

1980
633,632
607,038	95.80%
5,311	0.84%
978	0.15%
2,568	0.41%
n/a
17,329	2.73%
26,594	4.20%

1970
637,887
625,217	98.01%
4,619	0.72%
335	0.05%
1,136	0.18%
n/a
5,993	0.94%
12,670	1.99%

Decade:

Components:

Births:

Deaths:

Net Migration:

Net Immigration:

Change in White population:

Change in Non-White pop.:

Number	Rate
2000's
86,145	11.9
59,276	8.2
-26,545	-3.7
23,241	3.2

-36,305	-5.0
56,045	7.7

Number	Rate
1990's
98,644	14.7
63,261	9.4
-13,901	-2.1
19,023	2.8

-870	-0.1
54,209	8.1

Number	Rate
1980's
95,079	15.0
63,511	10.0
9,371	1.5
n/a

-4,828	-0.8
41,276	6.5

Number	Rate
1970's
n/a
n/a
-30,682	-4.8
n/a

-18,179	-2.8
13,924	2.2

Age, Family & Household Data for Essex County, MA

[Display all years]

Year:

Median Age:

Under 18:

Voting Age Population:

Over 65:

Households:

Persons Per HH:

Families (%HH):

Married Couples (%Fams):

Single Mothers (%Fams):

Non-Family (%HH):

2022
Number	Percent
40.9
169,088	21.0%
637,677	79.0%
141,798	17.6%

310,059
2.55

205,898	66.4%
148,795	72.3%
21,492	10.4%
104,161	33.6%

2010
Number	Percent
40.4
172,089	23.2%
571,070	76.8%
105,083	14.1%

285,956
2.54

188,005	65.7%
136,841	72.8%
21,582	11.5%
97,951	34.3%

2000
Number	Percent
37.6
181,638	25.1%
541,781	74.9%
100,223	13.9%

275,410
2.57

186,043	67.6%
143,047	76.9%
19,515	10.5%
89,367	32.4%

1990
Number	Percent
34.5
158,144	23.6%
511,936	76.4%
94,436	14.1%

250,789
2.62

176,392	70.3%
139,015	78.8%
16,527	9.4%
74,397	29.7%

1980
Number	Percent
32.4
168,755	26.6%
464,877	73.4%
84,292	13.3%

228,492
2.72

166,136	72.7%
135,895	81.8%
14,154	8.5%
62,356	27.3%

2022 Housing Data for Essex County, MA

Household Income
Range	Number	%
Less than $10,000	12,820	4.1%
$10,000 to $14,999	12,455	4.0%
$15,000 to $19,999	9,495	3.1%
$20,000 to $24,999	9,119	2.9%
$25,000 to $29,999	9,054	2.9%
$30,000 to $34,999	8,646	2.8%
$35,000 to $39,999	8,091	2.6%
$40,000 to $44,999	8,686	2.8%
$45,000 to $49,999	8,024	2.6%
$50,000 to $59,999	16,413	5.3%
$60,000 to $74,999	22,841	7.4%
$75,000 to $99,999	37,180	12.0%
$100,000 to $124,999	29,409	9.5%
$125,000 to $149,999	25,588	8.3%
$150,000 to $199,999	35,290	11.4%
$200,000 or more	56,948	18.4%

Median Household Income	94,378
Per Capita Income	50,932

Cost of Living Index (100 = average)
Compared to state	100
Compared to U.S.	125

Welfare Households
	Number	%
SSI	18,091	5.8%
Public Assistance	13,090	4.2%
Public Asst. or Food Stamps	50,980	16.4%

Labor Force, Ages 25-64
	Number	%
Employed	304,575	76.8%
Unemployed	13,728	3.5%
In Armed Forces	171	0.0%

Total Labor Force	318,474	80.3%
Not in Labor Force	77,908	19.7%

Real Unemployment Rate		23.1%

Class of Worker
	Male	Female	% Male
Private Sector	153,307	132,531	53.6%
Non-Profit	15,679	30,944	33.6%
Self-Employed	24,801	15,119	62.1%

Local Government	10,327	18,548	35.8%
State Government	6,100	6,805	47.3%
Federal Government	4,615	2,702	63.1%

Total Private + Self	178,108	147,650	54.7%
Total Non-Profit + Govt.	36,721	58,999	38.4%
Total	214,829	206,649	51.0%

Pct. Govt.	11.6%

Occupation
	Number	%
Management, Business, Science, Arts	82,046	19.4%
Sales and Office Occupations	83,959	19.9%
Professional, Technical	108,103	25.6%
Service Occupations	69,329	16.4%
Farming, Forestry, Fishing	1,150	0.3%
All others	78,461	18.6%

White Collar		65.0%

Industry
	Number	%
Health care and social assistance	65,800	15.6%
Retail trade	45,272	10.7%
Manufacturing	44,980	10.7%
Professional, scientific, technical	41,679	9.9%
Educational services	39,229	9.3%
Accommodation and food services	26,513	6.3%
Construction	26,349	6.2%
Finance and insurance	22,337	5.3%
Administrative, support, waste mgmt.	19,010	4.5%
Other services	18,644	4.4%
Transportation and warehousing	18,410	4.4%
Public administration	16,257	3.9%
Wholesale trade	8,966	2.1%
Arts, entertainment, recreation	8,319	2.0%
Information	7,699	1.8%
Real estate and rental and leasing	7,495	1.8%
Utilities	2,555	0.6%
Agriculture, forestry, fishing, hunting	1,623	0.4%
Management	709	0.2%
Mining, quarrying, oil/gas extraction	52	0.0%

Hispanic Breakdown
Country	Number	%
Mexican	6,880	0.85%
Puerto Rican	38,106	4.73%
Cuban	2,402	0.30%
Dominican	87,870	10.90%

Total Central American	29,322	3.64%
Costa Rican	810	0.10%
Guatemalan	15,182	1.88%
Honduran	2,750	0.34%
Nicaraguan	377	0.05%
Panamanian	124	0.02%
Salvadoran	9,768	1.21%
Other Central American	311	0.04%

Total South American	9,269	1.15%
Argentinean	223	0.03%
Bolivian	117	0.01%
Chilean	365	0.05%
Colombian	4,279	0.53%
Ecuadorian	1,969	0.24%
Paraguayan	64	0.01%
Peruvian	1,653	0.21%
Uruguayan	86	0.01%
Venezuelan	448	0.06%
Other South American	65	0.01%

Other Hispanic	9,157	1.14%

Asian Breakdown
Country	Number	%
Indian	6,518	0.81%
Chinese	6,326	0.78%
Cambodian	4,985	0.62%
Vietnamese	2,915	0.36%
Korean	1,775	0.22%
Filipino	1,136	0.14%
Bangladeshi	874	0.11%
Japanese	520	0.06%
Thai	421	0.05%

Language Spoken at Home
Language	Number	%
English	549,306	72.1%
Spanish	141,114	18.5%
Other Indo-European	30,997	4.1%
French, Haitian, Cajun	9,179	1.2%
Other Asian	7,171	0.9%
Russian, Polish, other Slavic	5,722	0.8%
Chinese	4,484	0.6%
Arabic	4,378	0.6%
Other	4,251	0.6%

Ancestry
Country	Number	%
Irish	150,214	18.6%
Italian	113,904	14.1%
English	77,852	9.7%
French	40,815	5.1%
German	36,909	4.6%
Polish	26,571	3.3%
French Canadian	26,090	3.2%
American	21,365	2.7%
Portuguese	18,740	2.3%
Scottish	16,396	2.0%
Greek	14,662	1.8%
Russian	10,585	1.3%
European	9,835	1.2%
Swedish	9,135	1.1%
Canadian	6,614	0.8%

Citizenship & Nativity
	Number	%
U.S. citizen	739,610	91.8%
Not a citizen	66,493	8.2%

Native	656,842	81.5%
Foreign-born	149,261	18.5%

Educational Attainment, Population 25 Years and Older
29,310	5.2%	27,295	4.8%	136,332	24.2%	134,969	24.0%	138,834	24.7%	96,127	17.1%
Average years of education: 13.9

Population 25 Years and Older
< 9 Years	29,310	5.2%
9-12 Years	27,295	4.8%
H.S. Grad or GED	136,332	24.2%
Some College	134,969	24.0%
Bach. Degree	138,834	24.7%
Grad Degree	96,127	17.1%
Average years of education: 13.9

Labor Force Data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics
Year	Labor Force	Employed	Unemployed	Unemp. Rate	State Avg.
1990	350,609	327,032	23,577	6.7%	6.4%
1991	347,379	316,089	31,290	9.0%	8.8%
1992	349,778	317,617	32,161	9.2%	8.8%
1993	349,776	323,438	26,338	7.5%	7.3%
1994	351,834	328,805	23,029	6.5%	6.2%
1995	352,496	333,090	19,406	5.5%	5.5%
1996	358,777	341,837	16,940	4.7%	4.6%
1997	367,013	351,302	15,711	4.3%	4.1%
1998	373,420	359,460	13,960	3.7%	3.4%
1999	377,950	364,298	13,652	3.6%	3.3%

2000	370,168	359,545	10,623	2.9%	2.8%
2001	377,401	361,798	15,603	4.1%	3.8%
2002	382,879	360,521	22,358	5.8%	5.2%
2003	380,419	356,415	24,004	6.3%	5.7%
2004	377,544	356,219	21,325	5.6%	5.1%
2005	375,910	356,332	19,578	5.2%	4.8%
2006	373,643	354,728	18,915	5.1%	4.7%
2007	374,594	356,652	17,942	4.8%	4.5%
2008	378,507	357,273	21,234	5.6%	5.3%
2009	381,092	348,127	32,965	8.7%	8.1%

2010	392,023	358,919	33,104	8.4%	8.1%
2011	394,218	364,245	29,973	7.6%	7.2%
2012	397,902	369,616	28,286	7.1%	6.7%
2013	399,708	371,862	27,846	7.0%	6.6%
2014	405,200	380,964	24,236	6.0%	5.7%
2015	407,752	387,410	20,342	5.0%	4.8%
2016	410,541	393,604	16,937	4.1%	4.0%
2017	417,019	400,796	16,223	3.9%	3.8%
2018	424,956	409,929	15,027	3.5%	3.4%
2019	426,042	412,856	13,186	3.1%	3.0%

2020	414,660	374,075	40,585	9.8%	8.9%
2021	422,709	396,815	25,894	6.1%	5.5%
2022	420,933	404,395	16,538	3.9%	3.8%
2023	423,500	408,785	14,715	3.5%	3.4%

Housing Data
	Number	%
Housing Units	326,936
Median Value	$535,300

Occupied	310,059	94.8%
Vacant	16,877	5.2%

Owned	197,371	63.7%
Rented	112,688	36.3%
Median Rent	$1,580

Single-Family Units	186,962	57.2%
Detached	164,388	50.3%
Attached	22,574	6.9%
Buldings with 5+ Units	66,689	20.4%
Mobile Homes	1,612	0.5%

Essex County, MA

Race Breakdown with Components of Population Change

Age, Family & Household Data for Essex County, MA

2022 Housing Data for Essex County, MA

2022 Income & Employment Data for Essex County, MA

2022 Ancestry, Citizenship & Language Data for Essex County, MA

2022 Educational Attainment Data for Essex County, MA

Historical Labor Force Data for Essex County, MA